Fadada graphite, wanda kuma aka sani da graphite vermicular, wani fili ne na crystalline wanda ke amfani da hanyoyin jiki ko sinadarai don daidaita abubuwan da ba na carbon ba zuwa cikin kayan nanocarbon mai sikeli mai sikeli da sikeli tare da jiragen cibiyar sadarwa na carbon hexagonal yayin kiyaye tsarin Layer Graphite. Ba wai kawai yana kula da kyawawan kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai na graphite ba, kamar tsayin daka na zafin jiki, juriya na lalata, juriyar neutron, X-ray da gamma-ray da iska mai tsayi na dogon lokaci. Hakanan yana da kyawawan kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai, kamar ƙarancin juzu'i, mai kyau mai kyau na kai, wutar lantarki da haɓakar zafi, da anisotropy. Bugu da ƙari, saboda hulɗar da ke tsakanin kayan da aka haɗa da graphite Layer, graphite da aka faɗaɗa yana nuna sababbin kaddarorin da ginshiƙan ginshiƙai da kayan da ba su mallaka ba, kuma suna shawo kan raguwa da tasiri na graphite na halitta. Masu editocin graphite masu zuwa suna raba gabatarwar hanyoyin haɗin masana'antu da kuma amfani da faɗaɗa graphite:
1. Hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su a masana'antu
①Chemical oxidation
Abũbuwan amfãni: Chemical Oxidation hanya ce ta yadu da aka yi amfani da ita kuma ingantaccen tsari a cikin masana'antu. Sabili da haka, yana da fa'ida a bayyane, fasahar balagagge da ƙarancin farashi.
Hasara: Wakilin da ke tsaka-tsaki yawanci yana tattara sulfuric acid ne, wanda ke cinye adadi mai yawa na acid. Akwai gurɓataccen iskar gas mai cutarwa Sox a cikin tsarin samarwa, kuma ragowar samfuran kuma suna lalata kayan haɗin gwiwar.
② Electrochemical oxidation
Kamar sinadari iskar shaka, yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin haɗin masana'antu na gama gari don faɗaɗa graphite.
Abũbuwan amfãni: Babu buƙatar ƙara ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, irin su acid mai ƙarfi, kuma ana iya sarrafa amsa ta hanyar daidaita sigogi kamar halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki. Kayan aikin haɗakarwa yana da sauƙi, adadin kira yana da girma, electrolyte ba a gurɓata ba, kuma za'a iya sake amfani dashi.
Rashin hasara: Tsayar da samfurin haɗe-haɗe ya fi talauci fiye da sauran hanyoyin, waɗanda ke buƙatar kayan aiki mafi girma, kuma akwai abubuwa da yawa waɗanda ke shafar ingancin samfurin. Wani lokaci, haɓakar ƙarar samfurin yana raguwa sosai saboda haɓakar yanayin yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, akwai halayen gefe a babban igiyoyin ruwa a cikin mafita mai ruwa, don haka yana da wuya a sami mahadi na farko.
2. Main samar Enterprises da samar iya aiki
Samar da samfuran graphite da aka faɗaɗa a cikin ƙasata ya girma daga matakin farko zuwa masana'anta sama da 100, tare da fitar da kusan tan 30,000 na shekara-shekara, kuma ƙarancin kasuwa ya ragu. Hakanan, yawancin masana'antun sun kasance da farko masu cika hatimi mai ƙarancin ƙarewa, da wuya a yi amfani da su a hatimin mota da fitilun jirgin sama na nukiliya. Duk da haka, tare da haɓaka fasahar cikin gida, yawancin samfurori masu mahimmanci za su karu a hankali.
3. Bukatar kasuwa da hasashen kayan rufewa
A halin yanzu, fadada graphite ne yafi amfani da mota sealing kayan, irin su Silinda gaskets, ci da shaye tashar jiragen ruwa gaskets, da dai sauransu Fadada graphite sealing kayan a cikin ƙasata aka yafi amfani da sealing fillers. A halin yanzu, an haɓaka faɗuwar graphite tare da ƙarancin abun ciki na carbon, wanda zai iya rage yawan farashin samarwa na graphite mai faɗaɗawa, ta yadda zai maye gurbin asbestos akan babban sikeli da haɓaka buƙatu. A gefe guda, idan za a iya maye gurbin kayan aikin filastik, roba da ƙarfe, buƙatun cikin gida na shekara-shekara na kayan rufewar graphite za su fi girma.
A cikin mota masana'antu, kowane mota Silinda shugaban gasket, iska ci da shaye tashar jiragen ruwa gasket bukatar game da 2 ~ 10kg na fadada graphite, kuma kowane 10,000 motoci bukatar 20 ~ 100 ton na fadada graphite. Masana'antar kera motoci ta kasar Sin ta shiga wani lokaci na samun ci gaba cikin sauri. Don haka, buƙatun ƙasata na shekara don faɗaɗa kayan hatimin graphite har yanzu yana da matuƙar haƙiƙa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-07-2022