Grafite mai inganci yana da kyakkyawan ƙarfin injina, kwanciyar hankali mai zafi, babban sassauci da haɓakar yanayin zafi a cikin jirgin sama da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, yana mai da shi ɗayan mahimman kayan haɓaka don aikace-aikacen da yawa kamar na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto da ake amfani da su azaman batura a cikin tarho. Misali, nau'in graphite na musamman, wanda aka yi odarsa da pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan amfani da shi a dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Kayan abu. Waɗannan kyawawan kaddarorin sun kasance saboda tsarin ƙirar graphite, inda ƙaƙƙarfan haɗin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin carbon atom a cikin yadudduka na graphene suna ba da gudummawa ga kyawawan kaddarorin injiniyoyi, thermal da lantarki, yayin da ɗan hulɗa tsakanin graphene yadudduka. Ayyukan yana haifar da babban matsayi na sassauci. graphite. Ko da yake an gano graphite a cikin yanayi sama da shekaru 1000 kuma an yi nazarin tsarin sa na wucin gadi sama da shekaru 100, ingancin samfuran graphite, na halitta da na roba, bai dace ba. Misali, girman manyan wuraren zane-zanen kristal guda ɗaya a cikin kayan graphite yawanci ƙasa da mm 1, wanda ya bambanta sosai da girman lu'ulu'u masu yawa irin su lu'ulu'u guda quartz da lu'ulu'u na silicon guda. Girman zai iya kaiwa ma'aunin mita. Karamin girman graphite-crystal graphite yana faruwa ne saboda raunin hulɗar da ke tsakanin ginshiƙan graphite, kuma ƙayyadaddun layin graphene yana da wahalar kiyayewa yayin girma, don haka graphite yana da sauƙin karye cikin iyakokin hatsi guda ɗaya-crystal da yawa a cikin matsala. . Don warware wannan babbar matsala, Farfesa Emeritus na Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Ulsan (UNIST) da abokan aikinsa Farfesa Liu Kaihui, Farfesa Wang Enge na Jami'ar Peking, da sauransu sun ba da shawarar dabara don haɗa tsarin da ba daidai ba. graphite guda lu'ulu'u. fim, har zuwa sikelin inch. Hanyarsu tana amfani da foil nickel-crystal guda ɗaya a matsayin maɗaukaki, kuma ana ciyar da atom ɗin carbon daga bayan foil ɗin nickel ta hanyar "tsarin rushewar-wartsawa-zuwa-zuwa-zuciya". Maimakon yin amfani da tushen kwali mai gas, sun zaɓi ingantaccen kayan carbon don sauƙaƙe haɓakar graphite. Wannan sabuwar dabarar ta ba da damar samar da fina-finan graphite guda-crystal mai kauri na kusan inch 1 da 35 microns, ko sama da graphene Layer 100,000 a cikin ‘yan kwanaki. Idan aka kwatanta da duk samfuran graphite da ke akwai, graphite-crystal graphite yana da ƙimar zafi na ~ 2880 W m-1K-1, ƙaramin abun ciki na ƙazanta, da ƙaramin tazara tsakanin yadudduka. (1) Synthesis na kayan kwalliya guda-crystal nickel finafinan kamar yadda act-lebur sinadarai yana guje wa rashin jin daɗin zane mai zane; (2) 100,000 yadudduka na graphene ana girma isothermally a cikin kimanin sa'o'i 100, ta yadda kowane Layer na graphene aka hada a cikin wannan sinadari yanayi da kuma zazzabi, wanda tabbatar da uniform ingancin graphite; (3) Ci gaba da samar da carbon ta hanyar baya na nickel foil yana ba da damar yadudduka na graphene don ci gaba da girma a cikin ƙimar girma, kusan Layer ɗaya kowane daƙiƙa biyar, "
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-09-2022